Monday, October 17, 2011

DRUG TRAFFICKING

           Law enforcement agencies are cracking down on drugs trafficking all over the United States.  They are targeting the major cities around the United States.  One of the areas that they focus most on is the border of United States and Mexico.   Within the borders, Border Patrol Agents have caught multiple youth attempting to smuggle drugs into the United States.  In some cases, Border Patrol Agents were able to catch youth while they are operating vehicle filled with marijuana.  For example, in one case, Custom and Border Patrol Agents caught eight juveniles smuggling three hundred and eighty-eight pounds of marijuana and almost five pounds of cocaine (Brezosky, 2009).  In addition, law enforcement officers were also targeting drug dealer that are associated with gangs in Los Angeles County.  In one month, law enforcement agencies have arrested one thousand four hundred and fifty-three drug dealers.  Of those arrested individuals, three hundred and fifteen of them were juvenile (Lamar, 2001).  These groups of criminals were put into the Los Angeles County’s Juvenile System.  Thejuvenile facility was designed for one thousand three hundred and seventeen people, but the facility was holding over two thousand people for numerous years (Lamar, 2001).  However, due to the illegal drugs, Los Angeles County was not the only county to face this problem.  Major cities such as New York and Detroit were also having issues with overflowing juveniles in the system.  
The juvenile systems are over flowing because many youth are getting arrested for possession of drugs and dealing drugs.  Although youth are getting arrested for initiating these activities, it is not deterring them from getting back to the illegal drug business.  What is motivating them to continue these criminal activities?






           There are many reasons that motivate youth to commit illegal activities.  The majority of youth who participate in these illegal activities are individuals who live or lived in poverty.  Some of these individuals grew up in household where there is a lack of a male model.  On the other hand, the mother is present, but she is either working a minimum wage job or living off of state aids, welfare (Lamar, 2001).  The income that the family received monthly is very little.  This means that the family is struggling to get by.  Some individuals will try to find jobs to help their family, but due to the economy crisis, the lack of education, and their age, they are usually out of luck.  Although it is hard to find jobs in our jobs enterprise, drug cartels and adult prison gang members are recruiting youth to run their drug business in the black market.  Also unlike the other minimum wage jobs, drug cartels and prison gang members are paying these individuals a price they cannot refuse.  Children ages nine and ten are oftenoffered a hundred dollar per day to look out for police officers.  Their job is to notify the dealers when a police officer is present in their neighborhood or are near their place of drug dealing.  The youth who are a little older and have more experience can be runners.  Runners are individuals who transport the drugs from the supply house to the dealers.  They make up to three hundred dollar a day.  Once they become experts of the business, they can have the dealer’s position.  Dealers are individuals who stand on the streets corners and sell drugs.  They can make up to three thousand dollar a day (Lamar, 2001).  The incomes that individuals make vary from neighborhoods and states.  In most major cities like New York and Los Angeles, drug dealers usually make more money compared to those cities like Sacramento and Stockton.  Whatever the dealers makes, keep in mind that these individuals are kids.  The money that they received is much more than what an average kid receives for allowance.  Imagine what these kids can do with the drug money. 
           In the article, “Kids Who Sell Crack,” author Lamar stated that children who sell drugs usually used their profits to show off their wealth (Lamar, 2001).  They will only purchase name brand items and items that are known to be celebrity’s items.  For example, Los Angeles is known to be one of the biggest movie production cities.  Due to the fashions and wealth that the city is known for, it hasinfluenced many people to dress and live the life style of celebrities.  Therefore, youth individuals who have money will usually purchase name brand clothing, glamorous cars, jewelries, and live the luxury life of celebrities.  Sometimes, the individuals do not have to buy the items.  The other alternative is to rent the items as a way to show off their wealth.  For instance, a thirteen year old drug dealer in Los Angeles brags how he uses his drug money to rent a new Nissan Z on the weekends (Lamar, 2001).  He would drive the vehicle around to show off his wealth.  Also, he would buy gold necklace and expensive clothing to make his wealth present for other to see.  As other youth see his wealth, they are motivated to do what is necessary to gain the same wealth.  For example, a child who is seven years older than Frog admits to this motivation.  Jeff Woodberry said that his role models are individuals who make a lot of money (Lamar, 2001).  That is why he got into the illegal drug trade and started dealing drugs.  After a few years of dealing drugs, he stated that he averaged about two hundred thousand dollars a year.  That is more than what most people make and definitely more than what youth make.  This gives Woodberry the chance to buy all the expensive items and show off his wealth.  Now, it is his turn to motivate others to deal drugs to make the big income.  This process is a cycle that will keep on motivating others to get into the drug business. 
           Although many law enforcement agencies are cracking down on illegal drugs, many youth are still motivated to get into the illegal drug trade.  Most of the youth individuals that are involved in the illegal drug trade are individuals who live in poverty.  Due to their lack of income, when there is an opportunity to make easy money they take the opportunity without hesitating.  Some youth individuals see drug dealing as a way of making money to support the American dream.  They will pursue their dream even if law enforcement agencies are cracking down on them.

Bibliography

Brezosky, Lynn.  (2009, December).  Cartels’ youth recruitment worries authorities.  Street Gangs.  http://www.streetgangs.com/news/120709_cartelyouthrec
Lamar, Jacob.  (2001, June).  Kids Who Sell Cracks. Time Magazine Inc 2011.  http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,149199,00.html

Tuesday, September 27, 2011

WHY YOUTH JOIN GANG

In our country today, many youth are affiliated with gangs.  In a recent study, the National Gang Intelligence Center states that there are currently more than one million known gang members in the United States (National Gang Intelligence Center, 2009).  Of those known gang members, four hundred thousands of them are juveniles (Gang Statistics, 2009).  How come a large percentage of youth are joining gangs?  What attracts the youth group to gangs?  There are many reasons why youth are involved in the gang life.  Youth join gangs for one or more of five reasons.  Also, their purposes of joining gangs vary from person to person.  The first reason for joining gangs is for physiological purposes.  The second reason for joining gang is for safety.  The third reason is to feel that they belonging to something.  The fourth reason is self esteem.  The last reason for joining is self-actualization.  Due to these reasons, the youth gangs in our country are multiplying.    





          A percentage of youth group joins gangs for physiological reasons.  Some people have the elements of gang members.  For example, in the article, “Why Youth Join Gangs?,” the author states that youth who have histories of drugs usage and violent delinquency are highly expected to become gang members (Juvenile Justice Bulletin, 1998).  Due to the fact that these individuals and gangs have similarities, some individuals join gangs.  Others join gangs for the gang lifestyle.  Within the teenage years, many youth individuals are experiencing new things.  Usually, the youth individuals are drawn to the partying lifestyle, the female, the drugs, and the alcohols.  If the gangs could provide youth with the lifestyle, they are more likely to join the gangs (Morrissey, 2011).  Therefore, when youth feels their needs have been fulfilled by a gang, they’ll join the group.   
          Providing safety for youth is another way to persuade them to join the gang.  Protection is one of the safety reasons why youth join gangs (Juvenile Justice Bulletin, 1998).  Some of these individuals don’t have the chance to choose if they want to be gang members or not.  If they don’t join the gang, they will get physically assaulted each time the gang sees them.  Youth also joins gangs for the protection against other gangs.  Usually, gangs from other neighborhoods will assault innocent people due to the fact that they reside in a different neighborhood.   Another reason for joining gangs is for employment purposes (Morrissey, 2011).  This is because getting a job is hard for individuals with no or little education.  By joining the gangs, the gangs will provide narcotics to them.  After selling the narcotics, they will receive a portion of the drug money.  By joining gangs, they provide youth with safety and security.
          Other ways to attract youth to gangs is by providing the sense of belonging and esteem to the individuals.  In some of the cases, youth join gangs because their family members are members of that gang (Palomares, 2006).  By joining the gang, they feel more attach to their love ones.  At the same time, they are gaining a second family.  This entire bond make youth feel more important and feel the sense of belonging and esteem from the gang.  They also feel the respected by gang members (Palomares, 2006).  Thurs, youth are attracted to gangs because they want the belongingness and esteem from the gang.
          Lastly, a small portion of youth joins gang for self-actualization.  Some of the youth individuals joined gangs because that’s what they want for their lives.  There are no other purposes for joining the gangs.  For example, they are not benefitting by joining the gang.  These individuals are becoming more and more of what they are.  They are reaching their max at what they are doing. 
          Youth are joining gangs for sense of fulfillment.  Over the decades, youth gang members are multiplying due to that fact.  The Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs explains why these individuals are joining gangs.  They are joining gangs because they need something or someone.  We should find different ways to fulfill youth needs.  By providing something or someone to these individuals, they might be prevented or deterred from joining gangs.      

National Gang Intelligence Center  
National Gang threat Assessment 2009.  Retrieved September 11, 2011 from National Gang Intelligence Center Web Site http://www.justice.gov/ndic/pubs32/32146/gangs.htm
Gang Statistics
Gang Statistics. Retrieved September 20, 2011 from Gang Prevention for Schools and Communities Web Site http://www.helpinggangyouth.com/statistics.html
Juvenile Justice Bulletin
Why Do Youth Join Gangs?. Retrieved September 20, 2011 from Juvenile Justice Bulletin Web Site http://www.ojjdp.gov/jjbulletin/9808/why.html
Morrissey
Morrissey, Mitchell. (2011, September). Why Do Kids Join Gangs?  http://www.denverda.org/prosecution_units/Gang/Why_Do_Kids_Join_Gangs.htm
Palomares

Tuesday, September 20, 2011

Youth and Gang

              In cities across the United States, a large percentage of youths are joining gangs.  Especially in the past few decades, youth gangs are becoming more common and a growing concern for Americans.  The problem is caused by the rapid growth of youth gang population.  This growth in gang population also brought an increase to the crime rates.  Youth represents a huge portion of the gang populations and are responsible for the escalation of these crime rates.  According to “The National Gang Intelligence Center,” they documented approximately one million gang members in the United States.  Of those documented gang members, approximately four hundred thousands of them are youths (National Gang Intelligence Center, 2009). 
               Media across the country are focusing on youth gang issues, but what is the identification of Youth Gang?  Who belongs to that group?
            What is considered Youth Gang?  There might be many explanations and definitions of youth gang, but this is my definition of youth gang.  If individuals fit in the following descriptions, they have a good chance of belong to a youth gang.
-           Youth
·         age from twelve to twenty-four.
·         a condition of being young
·         a time of life from puberty to the attainment of full growth

-          Under the California Penal Code Section 186.22 (f):
·         a street gang is defined as any organization, association or group of three or more persons
·         whether formal or informal
·         has continuity of purpose.  For example, the group repeatedly commit the same type of offense
·         seeks a group identity.  For example, the persons claims a specific name or they have the same tatoos
·          has members who individually or collectively engage in or have engaged in a pattern of criminal activity.

Bibliography    
National Gang threat Assessment 2009.  Retrieved September 11, 2011 from National Gang Intelligence Center Web Site http://www.justice.gov/ndic/pubs32/32146/gangs.htm
Street Gangs (2011).  Definition of Criminal Street Gang.  What is a Gang?.  http://www.streetgangs.com/laws/definition_gang.html

Wilson, J. (September, 2000).  Preventing Adolescent Gang Involvement.  Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention.  https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/ojjdp/182210.pdf